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The Big 3: Nonnegotiable Core Exercises from Stuart McGill PhD to Improve Spine Health and Prevent Back Injuries

Steve Washburn, PTA, NASM-CPT • December 10, 2024




If you're looking to improve spine health and prevent back injuries, focusing on exercises that strengthen your core while protecting your spine is essential. Dr. Stuart McGill, a leading biomechanical expert in spine loading, has developed a series of core exercises designed to enhance spinal stability and reduce the risk of injury. Among these, three exercises stand out as nonnegotiable for anyone serious about improving core strength and spinal health.


If you’re looking for personalized guidance to enhance your spine health and overall fitness, consider reaching out to our personal training services  to get started.


  1. McGill Curl-Up


The McGill Curl-Up is a safer, more effective alternative to traditional crunches. It specifically targets the muscles that stabilize the spine without putting unnecessary strain on the lower back.


How to Perform the McGill Curl-Up:

  • Lie on your back with one knee bent and the other leg straight.

  • Place your hands under your lower back to maintain a neutral spine (no arching).

  • Engage your core and slowly lift your upper body off the ground until your shoulder blades clear the ground by about 1 inch, keeping your neck relaxed and head neutral.

  • Hold at the top for 5-8 seconds, then gently lower yourself back to the starting position.

  • Perform 8-12 repetitions, focusing on controlled movements.


Why It's Effective:

The McGill Curl-Up isolates the deep abdominal muscles (particularly the rectus abdominis) while avoiding excessive spinal flexion, which reduces stress on the lumbar spine. This makes it an ideal exercise for preventing back pain and enhancing overall spinal stability.


2. Side Plank

The Side Plank is a critical exercise for strengthening the lateral core muscles, particularly the obliques, which are essential for maintaining side-to-side stability of the spine.


How to Perform the Side Plank:

  • Lie on your side with your elbow directly under your shoulder and your legs extended with feet toe-to-heel (not stacked on top of each other).

  • Push your hips upward to create a straight line from your head to where your toes and heels touch, engaging your core muscles.

  • Hold the position for 20-30 seconds, making sure to avoid any sagging of your hips or excessive twisting.


Why It's Effective:

The Side Plank strengthens the obliques and other stabilizing muscles along the sides of the torso. By improving lateral stability, it helps prevent excessive bending or twisting of the spine, which can lead to injury. This exercise is key for anyone looking to build a balanced, strong core.


3. Bird-Dog

The Bird-Dog is a dynamic exercise that challenges the stability of both the spine and core by engaging the muscles that support the lower back, abdominal region, and hips.


How to Perform the Bird-Dog:

  • Start on your hands and knees, with wrists under your shoulders and knees under your hips.

  • Slowly extend your right arm forward while simultaneously extending your left leg behind you, keeping your torso stable and core braced (make sure to keep the leg lower with the toe barely above the ground to combat excessive lumbar extension).

  • Hold the position for a few seconds while maintaining a neutral spine, then return to the starting position.

  • Repeat on the opposite side.

  • Perform 8-12 repetitions on each side.


Why It's Effective:

The Bird-Dog is excellent for enhancing coordination, balance, and spinal stability. It targets the muscles of the lower back, glutes, and abdominals while teaching you how to engage your core during dynamic movement. This helps reinforce good posture and reduces the risk of back pain during everyday activities.


Why These Exercises are Nonnegotiable


Dr. McGill’s research emphasizes that strengthening the deep stabilizing muscles of the core is vital for maintaining spinal health and preventing injury. The McGill Curl-Up, Side Plank, and Bird-Dog are essential for promoting stability and control while minimizing stress on the spine. These exercises not only target the muscles that support the lower back but also improve coordination, posture, and overall movement patterns, making them crucial for anyone serious about spine health.


For anyone looking to improve spine health and reduce the risk of back injuries, incorporating Dr. Stuart McGill’s Big 3 exercises—the McGill Curl-Up, Side Plank, and Bird-Dog—into your routine is a must. These core-strengthening movements help protect your spine, build functional strength, and improve overall posture. By focusing on spinal stability and controlled movement, you can strengthen your core while safeguarding your back from injury, setting a solid foundation for both athletic performance and everyday activities.


If you’d like personalized guidance and support in strengthening your core and improving spine health, explore our personal training services  at Adaptive Fitness PT. Let’s work together to build a stronger, more resilient body!

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